Branding interno en una organización de moda: convertir a los empleados en embajadores de la marca
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32870/myn.vi52.7718Palabras clave:
Branding interno, embajadores de marca, identificación de marca del vendedor, empleados de primera línea, marcas de moda, competitividadResumen
Esta investigación tiene como objetivo examinar empíricamente los procesos de branding interno, implementados por una importante firma de moda deportiva para convertir a todos los empleados en embajadores de marca competentes. Se planteó la hipótesis de que la capacitación orientada a la marca es un antecedente de la identificación y el compromiso con la marca por parte del vendedor, lo que impulsa un comportamiento alineado con la marca, el rasgo crítico de los empleados embajadores de la marca. Estas hipótesis se probaron encuestando a 141 empleados corporativos y minoristas de las operaciones regionales de una importante marca de moda deportiva en México. La principal conclusión es que la capacitación orientada a la marca proporciona un impulsor significativo de la identificación de la marca por parte de los vendedores. Además, la identificación de la marca impulsa el compromiso con la marca y el comportamiento alineado con la marca entre todos los empleados de la empresa, no sólo entre los vendedores.Citas
Anisimova, T., & Mavondo, F. T. (2010). The performance implications of company‐salesperson corporate brand misalignment. European Journal of Marketing, 44(6), 771-795. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090561011032711
Arrigo, E. (2018). The key role of retail stores in fast fashion companies: The H&M case study. In Contemporary Case Studies on Fashion Production, Marketing and Operations (pp. 121-137). Springer, Singapore.
Ayrom, S., & Tumer, M. (2021). Effects of internal branding and brand-oriented leadership on work-related outcomes. The Service Industries Journal, 41(15-16), 1097-1117. https://doi.org/10.1080/02642069.2020.1787992
Badrinarayanan, V., & Laverie, D. A. (2011). Brand advocacy and sales effort by retail salespeople: antecedents and influence of identification with manufacturers’ brands. Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, 31(2), 123–140. https://doi.org/ 10.2753/PSS0885-3134310202
Barron, L. (2019). The Return of the Celebrity Fashion Muse: Brand Endorsement, Creative Inspiration and Celebrity-Influenced Design Communication. Fashion Theory, 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1080/1362704X.2019.1656946
Baumgarth, C., & Schmidt, M. (2010). How strong is the business-to-business brand in the workforce? An empirically-tested model of ‘internal brand equity’ in a business-to-business setting. Industrial Marketing Management, 39(8), 1250-1260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2010.02.022
Bergami, M., & Bagozzi, R. P. (2000). Self‐categorization, affective commitment and group self‐esteem as distinct aspects of social identity in the organization. British Journal of Social Psychology, 39(4), 555-577. https://doi.org/10.1348/014466600164633
Brexendorf, T. O., Mühlmeier, S., Tomczak, T., & Eisend, M. (2010). The impact of sales encounters on brand loyalty. Journal of Business Research, 63(11), 1148–1155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2009.10.011
Brodie, R. J., Whittome, J. R., & Brush, G. J. (2009). Investigating the service brand: A customer value perspective. Journal of Business Research, 62(3), 345-355. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2008.06.008
Buil, I., Martínez, E., & Matute, J. (2016). From internal brand management to organizational citizenship behaviours: Evidence from frontline employees in the hotel industry. Tourism Management, 57, 256-271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2016.06.009
Caan, F. & Lee, A. (2023). Celebrity Fashion Marketing: Developing a Human Fashion Brand. Routledge Taylor & Francis.
Chin, W. W. (1998). The partial least squares approach to structural equation modeling. In: G. A. Marcoulides (Ed.), Modern Methods for Business Research (pp. 295–358). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Chin, W.W., Thatcher, J.B., Wright, R.T., & Steel, D. (2013). Controlling for common method variance in PLS analysis: the measured latent marker variable approach. In New perspectives in partial least squares and related methods (pp. 231-239). Springer, New York, NY.
Chung, M., Ko, E., Joung, H., & Kim, S. J. (2020). Chatbot e-service and customer satisfaction regarding luxury brands. Journal of Business Research, 117, 587-595. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.10.004
Chung, S. Y. A., & Byrom, J. (2021). Co-creating consistent brand identity with employees in the hotel industry. Journal of Product and Brand Management, 30(1), 74-89. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPBM-08-2019-2544
Clark, P., Chapleo, C., & Suomi, K. (2020). Branding higher education: an exploration of the role of internal branding on middle management in a university rebrand. Tertiary Education and Management, 26, 131-149. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11233-019-09054-9
Cutcher, L., & Achtel, P. (2017). Doing the brand’: aesthetic labour as situated, relational performance in fashion retail. Work, Employment and Society, 31, 675–691. https://doi.org/10.1177/0950017016688610
Dekker, D. M. (2014). Personality and hospitable behavior. In I. S. Pantelidis (Ed.), The Routledge Handbook of Hospitality Management (pp. 75-84). Routledge.
Du Preez, R., Bendixen, M., & Abratt, R. (2017). The behavioral consequences of internal brand management among frontline employees. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 26(3), 251-261. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPBM-09-2016-1325
Fleming, J. H., & Witters, D. (2012). Your Employees Don't ‘Get’ Your Brand. Gallup Business Journal, July 26, 2012. https://news.gallup.com/businessjournal/156197/employees-don-brand.aspx
Gammoh, B. S., Mallin, M. L., & Pullins, E. B. (2014). The impact of salesperson-brand personality congruence on salesperson brand identification, motivation and performance outcomes. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 23(7), 543–553. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPBM-10-2013-0434
Gammoh, B. S., Mallin, M. L., Pullins, E. B., & Johnson, C. M. (2018). The role of salesperson brand selling confidence in enhancing important sales management outcomes: a social identity approach. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 33(3), 277-290. https://doi.org/10.1108/JBIM-11-2016-0274
Garas, S. R. R., Mahran, A. F. A., & Mohamed, H. M. H. (2018). Internal corporate branding impact on employees’ brand supporting behaviour. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 27(1), 79-95. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPBM-03-2016-1112
Garavan, T., Koukpaki, A. S. F., Darcy, C., O'Brien, F., Oyedijo, A., & Adams, K. (2022). Signalling the corporate brand promise to front-line employees: The role of learning and development in internal branding. Tourism Management, 92, 104558. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2022.104558
Gelb, B.D., & Rangarajan, D. (2014). Employee Contributions to Brand Equity. California Management Review, 56(2), 95–112. http://doi.org/10.1525/cmr.2014.56.2.95
Hair, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., & Mena, J. A. (2012). An assessment of the use of partial least squares structural equation modeling in marketing research. Journal of the academy of marketing science, 40(3), 414-433. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-011-0261-6
Hair, J., Hult, G., Ringle, C., & Sarstedt, M. (2022). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (3rd Ed.) Sage.
Harkness, J. A. (2003). Questionnaire translation. En: J. A. Harkness, F. van de Vijver & P. Ph. Mohler (Eds.), Cross-cultural Survey Methods (pp. 35-56). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Helm, S. V., Renk, U., & Mishra, A. (2016). Exploring the impact of employees’ self-concept, brand identification and brand pride on brand citizenship behaviors. European Journal of Marketing, 50(1), 58-77. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJM-03-2014-0162
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sinkovics, R. R. (2009). The use of partial least squares path modeling in international marketing. Advances in International Marketing (AIM), 20, 277-320. https://doi.org/10.1108/S1474-7979(2009)0000020014
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43, 115-135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8
Huang, C. Y., & Lai, C. H. (2018). Effects of internal branding management in a hospital context. The Service Industries Journal, 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1080/02642069.2018.1491969
Hughes, D. E., & Ahearne, M. (2010). Energizing the reseller's sales force: The power of brand identification. Journal of Marketing, 74(4), 81-96. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.74.4.
Hui, S. L., & Yee, R. W. (2015). Relationship among Interpersonal Relationship, Customer Satisfaction and Brand Loyalty in Fashion Retailing Industry. Research Journal of Textile and Apparel, 19(1), 65. https://doi.org/10.1108/RJTA-19-01-2015-B007
Hurrell, S. A., & Scholarios, D. (2014). The people make the brand”: Reducing social skills gaps through person-brand fit and human resource management practices. Journal of Service Research, 17(1), 54-67. https://doi.org/10.1177/10946705134845
Kim, J., & Kim, J. (2012). Human factors in retail environments: a review. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 40(11), 818–841. https://doi.org/10.1108/09590551211267593
Kimpakorn, N., & Tocquer, G. (2010), Service brand equity and employee brand commitment. The Journal of Services Marketing, 24(5), 378-388. https://doi.org/10.1108/08876041011060486
King, C. (2010). One size doesn't fit all” Tourism and hospitality employees' response to internal brand management. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 22(4), 517-534. https://doi.org/10.1108/95961190980000618
King, C., & Murillo, E. (2022). Hire dirtbags: Three tools to help employees become brand champions with a purpose. Fox Business Review, 1(4), 15-21.
King, C., Murillo, E., & Xiong, L. (2023). The coming of age of internal brand management research: Looking back to look forward. In C. King, & E. Murillo (Eds.), A Research Agenda for Brand Management in a New Era of Consumerism (pp. 177-197). Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781803925516.00018
King, C., & So, K. K. F. (2015). Enhancing hotel employees’ brand understanding and brand-building behavior in China. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 39(4), 492-516. https://doi.org/10.1177/1096348013491602
Leijerholt, U., Biedenbach, G., & Hultén, P. (2022). Internal brand management in the public sector: the effects of internal communication, organizational practices, and PSM on employees’ brand perceptions. Public Management Review, 24(3), 442-465.
Murillo, E. (2019). El branding interno como antecedente de la autoestima basada en la organización: un estudio en una cadena de restaurantes. Entreciencias: Diálogos en la Sociedad del Conocimiento, 7(21), 37-52. https://doi.org/10.22201/enesl.20078064e.2019.21.70046
Murillo, E. (2020). Branding interno en organizaciones de comercio minorista: un estudio en una cadena de farmacias. Mercados y Negocios, 1(42), 27-50. https://doi.org/10.32870/myn.v1i42.7506
Murillo, E. (2022). Enhancing Brand Understanding Through Brand Training: A Conditional Process Analysis of Recent Hires at an Airline. Revista Brasileira de Gestão de Negócios, 24(2), 312-331. https://doi.org/ 10.7819/rbgn.v24i2.4170
Murillo, E., & Atristain-Suárez, C. (2023). Leveraging Strategic Planning to Navigate Volatile Environments. In Creating Economic Stability Amid Global Uncertainty: Post-Pandemic Recovery in Mexico’s Emerging Economy (pp. 189-217). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-41386-5_9
Murillo, E., & King, C. (2019). Examining the drivers of employee brand understanding: a longitudinal study. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 28(7), 893-907. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPBM-09-2018-2007
Murillo, E. & Terán Bustamante, A. (2020). El branding interno en la economía colaborativa: un estudio exploratorio de Uber. Revista ESPACIOS, 41(22), 268-282. https://www.revistaespacios.com/a20v41n22/20412218.html
Pedroni, M. (2022). Two Decades of Fashion Blogging and Influencing: A Critical Overview. Fashion Theory, 1-32. https://doi.org/10.1080/1362704X.2021.2017213
Pettinger, L. (2004). Brand culture and branded workers: Service work and aesthetic labour in fashion retail. Consumption Markets & Culture, 7(2), 165–184. https://doi.org/10.1080/1025386042000246214
Piehler, R. (2018). Employees’ brand understanding, brand commitment, and brand citizenship behaviour: a closer look at the relationships among construct dimensions. Journal of brand management, 25(3), 217-234. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41262-018-0099-z
Piehler, R., King, C., Burmann, C. and Xiong, L. (2016). The importance of employee brand understanding, brand identification, and brand commitment in realizing brand citizenship behaviour. European Journal of Marketing, 50(9/10), 1575-1601 https://doi.org/10.1108/EJM-11-2014-0725
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., & Podsakoff, N. (2012). Sources of Method Bias in Social Science Research and Recommendations on How to Control it. Annual Review of Psychology, 63, 539-569. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100452
Porricelli, M. S., Yurova, Y., Abratt, R., & Bendixen, M. (2014). Antecedents of brand citizenship behavior in retailing. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 21(5), 745-752. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2014.06.002
Punjaisri, K., & Wilson, A. (2011). Internal branding process: key mechanisms, outcomes and moderating factors. European Journal of Marketing, 45(9/10), 1521-1537. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090561111151871
Qureshi, F. N., Bashir, S., Mahmood, A., Ahmad, S., Attiq, S., & Zeeshan, M. (2022). Impact of internal brand management on sustainable competitive advantage: An explanatory study based on the mediating roles of brand commitment and brand citizenship behavior. Plos One, 17(3). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264379
Ramamoorthy, N., & Carroll, S. J. (1998). Individualism/collectivism orientations and reactions toward alternative human resource management practices. Human Relations, 51(5), 571-588. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016954217602
Reinartz, W., Haenlein, M., & Henseler, J. (2009). An empirical comparison of the efficacy of covariance-based and variance-based SEM. International Journal of research in Marketing, 26(4), 332-344. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijresmar.2009.08.001
Ringle, C. M., Wende, S. & Becker, J.-M. (2015), SmartPLS 3. SmartPLS GmbH, Bönningstedt.
Ruzzier, M. K., Terglav, K., & Kase, R. (2021). Internal Brand Communication for Transforming Employees into Brand Champions: The Role of Knowledge and Value Congruence. Tržište/Market, 33(SI), 9-27.
SanMiguel, P., Sádaba, T. (2018). Nice to be a fashion blogger, hard to be influential: An analysis based on personal characteristics, knowledge criteria, and social factors. Journal of Global Fashion Marketing, 9(1), 40-58. https://doi.org/10.1080/20932685.2017.1399082
SanMiguel, P., Guercini, S., & Sádaba, T. (2018). The impact of attitudes towards influencers amongst millennial fashion buyers. Studies in Communication Sciences, 18(2), 439–460. https://doi.org/10.24434/j.scoms.2018.02.016
Schmidt, H. J., & Baumgarth, C. (2018). Strengthening internal brand equity with brand ambassador programs: Development and testing of a success factor model. Journal of Brand Management, 25(3), 250-265. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41262-018-0101-9
Simmering, M. J., Fuller, C. M., Richardson, H. A., Ocal, Y., & Atinc, G. M. (2015). Marker variable choice, reporting, and interpretation in the detection of common method variance: A review and demonstration. Organizational Research Methods, 18(3), 473-511. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016954217602
Smith, B. G., Kendall, M. C., Knighton, D., & Wright, T. (2018). Rise of the brand ambassador: Social stake, corporate social responsibility and influence among the social media influencers. Communication Management Review, 3(1), 6-29.
Storemark, K., & Hoffmann, J. (2012). A case study on the business model of Chloé. Journal of Global Fashion Marketing, 3(1), 34-41. https://doi.org/10.1080/20932685.2012.10593105
Sum, C. Y., & Hui, C. L. (2009). Salespersons' service quality and customer loyalty in fashion chain stores: A study in Hong Kong retail stores. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, 13(1), 98-108. https://doi.org/10.1108/13612020910939905
Taku, B., Saini, Y. K., & Abratt, R. (2022). The Impact of Internal Branding on Employees’ Brand Supporting Behaviour in Banking. Services Marketing Quarterly, 43(2), 166-182. https://doi.org/10.1080/15332969.2021.1987610
Terglav, K., Ruzzier, M. K., & Kaše, R. (2016). Internal branding process: Exploring the role of mediators in top management's leadership–commitment relationship. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2015.12.007
Ton, Z., Corsi, H., & Dessain, T. (2010). Zara: managing stores for fast fashion. HBS No. 610-042, Boston: Harvard Business School.
Vatankhah, S., & Darvishi, M. (2018). An empirical investigation of antecedent and consequences of internal brand equity: Evidence from the airline industry. Journal of Air Transport Management, 69, 49-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2018.02.002
Woodside, A. G., & Mir-Bernal, P. (2020). Ultimate Broadening of the Concept of Marketing: B-to-O-to-C Training Service Professionals Not to Inadvertently Kill Their Clients. Journal of Business-to-Business Marketing, 27(3), 283-291. https://doi.org/10.1080/1051712X.2020.1787028
Wigley, S. M. (2015). An examination of contemporary celebrity endorsement in fashion. International Journal of Costume and Fashion, 15(2), 1-17.
Wirtz, J., & Zeithaml, V. (2018). Cost-effective service excellence. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 46(1), 59-80. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-017-0560-7
Xiong, L., King, C., & Piehler, R. (2013), “That's not my job”: Exploring the employee perspective in the development of brand ambassadors. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 35, 348-359. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2013.07.009
Xiong, L., & King, C. (2015). Motivational drivers that fuel employees to champion the hospitality brand. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 44, 58-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2014.10.009
Xiong, L. (2023). It takes a village: examining how and when brand-specific transformational leadership affects employees in internal brand management. Journal of Brand Management, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41262-022-00308-3
Zhang, H., & Xu, H. (2021). Improving internal branding outcomes through employees’ self-leadership. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 46, 257-266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2020.12.013
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2024 Enrique Murillo, Teresa Sádaba, Pedro Mir-Bernal, Antonia Terán-Bustamante, Oziel López-Sánchez

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
Mercados y Negocios por Departamento Mercadotecnia y Negocios Internacionales. Universidad de Guadalajara se distribuye bajo una Licencia Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional.
Basada en una obra en http://revistascientificas.udg.mx/index.php/MYN/.
Los autores conservan los derechos de autor.

